![]() ![]() Saturation Region: Here the transistor is in fully ‘ON’ state and also works as a closed switch.Active Region: Here the transistor acts as an amplifier.Cut-off Region: Here the transistor is in ‘OFF’ state i.e., the current flowing through the transistor is zero.The Bipolar Junction Transistors are only turned ON by the input current, which is given to the base terminal. The Bipolar Junction Transistors have low input impedance and it causes to flow large current through the transistor. If small amount of current flows through the base of a BJT transistor, then it causes a flow of large current from emitter to collector. The BJT transistors are classified in to NPN and PNP transistors depending on the construction.īJTs are essentially current-controlled devices. The BJTs have three terminals named Emitter (E), Base (B) and Collector (C). The term ‘Bipolar’ means both electrons and holes are required for conducting current and the term ‘Junction’ means it contain PN Junction (two junctions, in fact). Junction Transistors are generally called as Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT). Some transistors are designed for both amplification and switching purposes. Physically and structurally speaking, the difference between BJT and FET is that in BJT both majority and minority charge carriers are required to operate, whereas in case FETs, only majority charge carriers are required.īased on their properties and characteristics, some transistors are primarily used for switching purpose (MOSFETs) and on the other hand, some are transistors are used for amplification purpose (BJTs). Each type of transistors has their own characteristics, advantages and disadvantages. Commonly used semiconductor materials for manufacturing transistor are Silicon, Germanium and Gallium-Arsenide.īasically, the transistors are classified depending on their structure. ![]() Irrespective of the family they belong to, all Transistors have proper / specific arrangement of different semiconductor materials. Types of TransistorsĪs mentioned earlier, on a broader scale, the major families of Transistors are BJTs and FETs. Again, depletion and enhancement mode transistors are further classified into respective N–Channel and P–Channel. MOSFETs are classified into Depletion Mode and Enhancement Mode. Junction FET transistors are further classified into N–Channel JFET and P–Channel JFET depending on their construction. The FET transistors are classified into JFET and MOSFET. The BJTs are again classified into NPN and PNP transistors. They are: Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJT) and Field Effect Transistors (FET). Transistors are basically classified into two types. The classification of transistors can be easily understood by observing the above tree diagram. The following tree diagram explains a Basic Classification of different Transistor types. Transistor is an essential component is almost every electronic circuit like: Amplifiers, Switching, Oscillators, Voltage Regulators, Power Supplies and most importantly, the Digital Logic ICs.įrom the time of invention of the first transistor to the present day, transistors are classified into different types depending either on their construction or their operation. ![]() The Transistor is one of the important active components (a device which can produce an output signal higher power than that in the input signal). Transistors are small in size and it requires low energy for operation and also it has low power dissipation. Since a long time, the vacuum tubes are replaced with transistors because the transistors have more benefits over vacuum tubes. A Transistor is a three terminal device and a small current / voltage at one terminal (or lead) will control a large flow of current between the other two terminals (leads). Transistor is a semiconductor device which is used to either amplify the signals or to act as an electrically controlled switch.
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